Indian Evidence Act, 1872
IEA Section 52 in BSA
In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant. Section 52 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant) corresponds to Section 46 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023.
Verify before you rely on this. Renumbering under the 2023 codes is not a clean one-to-one exercise — provisions were merged, split and reworded. Always check the printed bare act.
Where this sits in the exam
This provision is examined under Evidence Act & Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, worth 8 of the 100 marks in AIBE XXII. The paper permits bare acts but bans notes, so what matters is finding it quickly, not reciting the number.
Questions that turn on this section
Facts judicially noticeable need not be proved because:
Answer & explanation
The court is bound to take notice of them under Section 52
§ 52 BSA lists them; § 51 says facts judicially noticeable need not be proved.
Sections either side of it
How the neighbouring provisions of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 were renumbered:
| IEA | Provision | BSA |
|---|---|---|
| 45 | Opinions of experts | 39 |
| 47 | Opinion as to handwriting, when relevant | 41 |
| 50 | Opinion on relationship, when relevant | 44 |
| 53 | In criminal cases previous good character relevant | 47 |
| 56 | Facts judicially noticeable need not be proved | 51 |
| 57 | Facts of which Court must take judicial notice | 52 |
Practise it
Cutoff has AIBE XXII questions on this area, each cited to both codes with a line telling you where to find it in the bare act. Ten questions per subject are free, no account needed.
Practise free Full IEA→BSA table