Indian Evidence Act, 1872
IEA Section 61 in BSA
Proof of contents of documents. Section 61 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (Proof of contents of documents) corresponds to Section 56 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023.
Verify before you rely on this. Renumbering under the 2023 codes is not a clean one-to-one exercise — provisions were merged, split and reworded. Always check the printed bare act.
Where this sits in the exam
This provision is examined under Evidence Act & Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, worth 8 of the 100 marks in AIBE XXII. The paper permits bare acts but bans notes, so what matters is finding it quickly, not reciting the number.
Questions that turn on this section
Judicial notice means:
Answer & explanation
Facts the court shall take notice of without proof being led
BSA Sections 51 to 52 correspond to IEA Sections 56 to 57. Facts judicially noticeable include all laws in force in India, the course of proceedings of Parliament, and the territorial divisions of India.
Sections either side of it
How the neighbouring provisions of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 were renumbered:
| IEA | Provision | BSA |
|---|---|---|
| 58 | Facts admitted need not be proved | 53 |
| 59 | Proof of facts by oral evidence | 54 |
| 60 | Oral evidence must be direct | 55 |
| 62 | Primary evidence | 57 |
| 63 | Secondary evidence | 58 |
| 64 | Proof of documents by primary evidence | 59 |
Practise it
Cutoff has AIBE XXII questions on this area, each cited to both codes with a line telling you where to find it in the bare act. Ten questions per subject are free, no account needed.
Practise free Full IEA→BSA table